“Wherever you want to make improvements in your life, whether it is with your health, your job performance or your relationships—sleep can be part of that,” says Catherine Darley, ND, an integrative sleep specialist and founder of SkilledSleeper.com.

Better sleep enhances nearly every aspect of life, yet many men ignore the subject entirely. “There’s a lack of information about sleep health in men’s spaces,” Darley laments. “Subjectively, men have fewer complaints than women do about their sleep, but on some objective measures, men sleep worse.” Most people need between seven and nine hours of shuteye nightly, but the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reports that 37 percent of men fall short.

 

Effects of Poor Sleep

Precipitous Aging: “Midlife men have higher rates of obstructive sleep apnea, which negatively affects heart health and significantly increases the risk of stroke and heart attack,” says Darley. “Alzheimer’s risk, arthritis and many physical and digestive complaints are worse when sleep is disordered. During sleep, the brain undergoes vital nightly maintenance, clearing beta amyloid plaques associated with Alzheimer’s. A way to hedge against dementia is to get good sleep now.”

Hormonal Issues: Hormones are linked to sleep quality. “During stage 3 sleep (also known as deep sleep) 75 to 80 percent of our growth hormone is secreted, which supports muscle repair and recovery. Exercise improves your deep sleep, helping keep your muscle mass,” Darley explains. “Disrupted sleep from apnea, insomnia or irregular schedules can lower testosterone, causing issues like erectile dysfunction.” A 2020 study in Translational Andrology and Urology reported that older men with sleep disorders exhibited a higher risk of erectile dysfunction.

Mental Health Strain: Poor sleep often leads to mental health issues. “Anxiety, loneliness, depression and suicidality are worse when a person isn’t sleeping well,” Darley asserts. Research supports this: a 2021 meta-analysis published in Sleep Medicine Reviews found that enhancing sleep quality significantly improved mental health indicators such as depression, anxiety and rumination.

Relationship Difficulties: “Emotional intelligence is partly based on how well you’re sleeping,” says Darley, noting that a person that hasn’t slept well will struggle to identify a partner’s subtle facial expressions, making it hard to determine if they are happy or angry. “Sleep-deprived people are also much more self-centered in their moral reasoning, causing them to become less flexible, more rule-based and pedantic,” she adds. When these patterns become habitual, they can harm important relationships.

Driving Accidents: “Sleep affects your balance, coordination and reaction time,” Darley says. A sleep deficit can be particularly unsafe if someone is behind the wheel. “If you are chronically sleep-restricted, you’re driving impaired. Compared to drunk driving, drowsy driving is much more likely to be fatal.” According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, crashes caused by drowsy driving often involve a single driver running off the road at a high rate of speed with no evidence of braking.

Diminished Mental Acuity: Cognitive performance suffers when sleep is compromised, affecting everything from basic memory recall to complex problem-solving. According to Darley, even verbal fluency is affected, making simple conversations difficult and important dates easy to forget. Making matters worse, “We become unaware of how impaired we actually are,” she points out. “After several nights of poor sleep, we say, ‘I think I’m getting used to this,’ even though we are still impaired.”

 

Resetting Our Internal Clock

Most people adapt to sleep deprivation and may not realize what their true sleep requirements are. Darley suggests the “10 by 10 test”, which involves spending 10 hours in bed for 10 consecutive nights in a dark, quiet room to determine how much sleep the body naturally needs. “After discovering how much sleep your body needs, the next step is scheduling it into your life,” she counsels. “Consistency is crucial. Increased sleep variability relates to mortality.” Aim for consistent sleep with no more than a 30-minute variation in bedtime and wake time, and no more than a one-hour difference in total sleep duration throughout the week.

Our circadian rhythm is the body’s internal 24-hour clock that regulates sleepiness and alertness. It is primarily influenced by light exposure. Morning sunlight suppresses melatonin—the hormone that induces sleep—while darkness triggers its release. According to Darley, we suffer from what she calls a “darkness deficiency” that confuses the body’s sleep signals. “We’re suppressing our melatonin until bedtime with screens and LED light,” she explains.

To counteract this, she recommends creating a “sunset experience” at home by reducing light to the equivalent of 10 candles’ worth of yellow-hued light one to two hours before bed. The bedroom should be very dark, for which Darley offers a simple test. “If you can hold your hand out at arm’s length and see your fingers wiggling, that’s enough light to suppress your melatonin, keeping you awake,” she says.

Other habits support a healthy sleep rhythm. Exercise earlier in the day helps regulate the body clock. Sleep masks and blackout curtains can reduce light pollution in urban areas. Limiting alcohol and avoiding caffeine in the evening prevents disruptions. A cooler bedroom also promotes better sleep. There are about 60 sleep disorders, say Darley. If sleep does not improve after a month of these lifestyle adjustments, she recommends seeing a professional. Sleep is not a luxury—it’s essential.

 

Hannah Tytus is an integrative health coach, former writer at the National Institutes of Health and host of the Root Shock podcast, exploring the cultural underpinnings of health.

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